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Dow promised to turn sneakers into playground surfaces, then dumped them in Indonesia: Corporate "recycling" programs are just obfuscated landfills.
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A woman kneeling to tie her running shoe. She stands on a background of plastic waste. In the top right corner is the logo for Dow chemicals. Below it is the Dow slogan, 'Others see an old shoe. We see the future.'

Dow promised to turn sneakers into playground surfaces, then dumped them in Indonesia (permalink)

Dow Chemicals plastered Singapore with ads for its sneaker recycling program, promising to turn old shoes into playground tracks. But the shoes it collected in its "recycling" bins were illegally dumped in Indonesia. This isn't an aberration: it's how nearly all plastic recycling has always worked.

Plastic recycling's origin story starts in 1973, when Exxon's scientists concluded that plastic recycling would never, ever be cost-effective (#ExxonKnew about this, too). Exxon sprang into action: they popularized the recycling circular arrow logo and backed "anti-littering" campaigns that blamed the rising tide of immortal, toxic garbage on peoples' laziness.

https://pluralistic.net/2020/09/14/they-knew/#doing-it-again

Remember the campaign where an Italian guy dressed like a Native American shed a single tear as he contemplated plastic litter? Funded by the plastic industry, as a way of shifting blame for plastic waste from the wealthy, powerful corporations who lied about plastics recycling to the individuals who believed their lies:

https://www.chicagotribune.com/opinion/commentary/ct-perspec-indian-crying-environment-ads-pollution-1123-20171113-story.html

When I was a kid in Ontario, we had centralized, regulated, reusable bottle depots – beer and soda bottles came in standard sizes, differentiated by paper labels that could be pressure-washed off. When you were done with your bottle, you returned it for a deposit and it got washed and returned to bottlers to be refilled again and again and again.

After intense lobbying from soda companies, brewers and the plastic industry, that program was replaced with curbside "blue boxes" that promised to recycle our plastic waste. 90% of the plastics created has never been – and will never be – recycled. Today, the plastic industry plans on tripling the amount of single-use plastic in use worldwide:

https://pluralistic.net/2022/04/26/plastic-fatalistic/#recycled-lies

You know those ads from companies like Bluetriton (formerly "Nestle Waters") that promise that your single-use plastic bottles are "100% recyclable…and can be used for new bottles and all sorts of new, reusable things?"

Bluetriton is a private equity-backed rollup that has absorbed most of the bottled water companies you're familiar with, including Poland Spring, Pure Life, Splash, Ozarka, and Arrowhead. When they were sued in DC for making false claims about their "recyclable" water-bottles, their defense was that these were "non-actionable puffery." According to Bluetriton, when it described itself as "a guardian of sustainable resources" and "a company who, at its core, cares about water," it was being "vague and hyperbolic."

https://pluralistic.net/2022/04/26/plastic-fatalistic/#recycled-lies

With this high standard for plastic recycling, Dow's Singapore scam shouldn't come as a surprise, but it seems to have surprised the government of Singapore. Writing for Reuters, Joe Brock, Yuddy Cahya Budiman and Joseph Campbell describe how they caught Dow red-handed:

https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/global-plastic-dow-shoes/

The method is actually pretty straightforward: Reuters hid tracking devices in cavities in the soles of sneakers, dropped them in one of Dow's collection bins, and then followed them. The shoes were passed onto Dow's subcontractor, Yok Impex Pte Ltd, who sent them hopping from island to island throughout Indonesia, until they ended up in junk-markets.

Not all the shoes, though – one pair was simply moved from Dow's collection bin to a donation bin at a Singaporean community center. Of the 11 pairs that Reuters tracked, not one ended up at a recycling facility. So much for Dow's slogan: "Others see an old shoe. We see the future."

Dow blamed all this on Yok Impex, but didn't explain why its "recycling" program involved a company whose sole trade is exporting used clothing. Dow promised to cancel its deal with Yok Impex, but Yok Impex's accountant told Reuters that the deal would be remain in place until the end of the contract. Yok Impex, meanwhile, shifted the blame to the low-waged women who sort through the clothing donations it takes in from across Singapore.

Indonesia bans bulk imports of used clothes, on the grounds that used clothes are unhygenic, displace the local textiles industry, and shipments contain high volumes of waste that ends up in Indonesian incinerators, landfills and rivers.

In other words, Singaporeans thought they were saving the planet by putting their shoes in Dow bins, but they were really sending those shoes on a long journey to an unlicensed dump. Dow enlisted schoolchildren in used-shoe collection drives, making upbeat videos that featured students like Zhang Youjia boasting that they "contributed 15 pairs of shoes."

Dow does this all the time. In 2021, Dow's "breakthrough technology to turn plastic waste into clean fuel" in Idaho was revealed to be a plain old incinerator:

https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/environment-plastic-oil-recycling/

Also in 2021, in India, a Dow program to "use high-tech machinery to transform the [plastic from the Ganges] into clean fuel" was revealed to have ceased operations – but was still collecting plastic and promising that it was all being turned into fuel:

https://www.reuters.com/article/us-environment-plastic-insight-idUSKBN29N024

Dow operates a nearly identical "shoe recycling" program in neighboring Malaysia, and did not return Reuters' requests for comment as to whether the shoes collected for "recycling" in the far more populous nation were also being illegally dumped offshore.

The global business lobby loves the idea of "personal responsibility" and its evil twin, "caveat emptor." Its pet economists worship the idea of "revealed preferences," claiming that when we use plastic, we may claim that we don't want to have our bodies poisoned with immortal, toxic microplastics, that we don't want our land and waters despoiled – but we actually love it, because otherwise we'd "vote with our wallets" for something else.

The obvious advantage of telling people to vote with their wallets is that the less money you have in your wallet, the fewer votes you get. Companies like Dow have used their access to the capital markets (a fancy phrase for "rich people") to gobble up their competitors, eliminating "wasteful competition" and piling up massive profits. Those profits are laundered into policy – like replacing Ontario's zero-waste refillable bottle system with a "recycling" system that sent plastics to the ends of the Earth to be set on fire or buried or dumped in the sea.

The ruling class's pet economists have a name for this policy laundering: they call it "regulatory capture." Now, when you hear "regulatory capture," you might think about companies that get so big that they are able to boss governments around, with the obvious answer that companies need to be regulated before they get too big to jail:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/02/05/small-government/

But that's not how elite economists talk about regulatory capture: for them, capture starts with the very existence of regulators. For them, any government agency that proposes to protect the public from corporate fraud and murder inevitably becomes an agent of the corporations it is supposed to rein in, so the only answer is to eliminate regulators altogether:

https://pluralistic.net/2022/06/05/regulatory-capture/

This nihilism lets rich people blame the rest of us for their sins: "if you didn't want your children to roast or freeze to death in the climate emergency, you should have sold your car and used the subway (that we bribed your city not to build)."

Nihilism is contagious. Think of the music industry: before Napster, 80% of the music ever recorded was not for sale, banished to the scrapheap of history and the vaults of record companies who paid farcically low sums to their artists.

During the File Sharing Wars, listeners were excoriated for failing to pay for music – much of which wasn't for sale in the first place. But today, fans overwhelmingly pay for Spotify, a streaming service that notoriously pays musicians infinitesimal sums for their work.

Spotify is a creature of the Big Three labels – Sony, Universal and Warner – who own 70% of all the world's recorded music copyrights and 65% of all the world's music publishing. The rock-bottom per-stream prices that Spotify pays were set by the Big Three. Why would the labels want less money from Spotify?

Simple: as co-owners of Spotify, they make more money when Spotify pays less for music. Musicians have a claim on the money they take out of Spotify as royalties – but dividends, buybacks and capital gains from Spotify are the labels' to use as they see fit. They can share that bounty with some artists, all artists, or no artists.

Not only that, but the Big Three's deal with Spotify includes a "most favored nation" clause, which means that the independent artists who aren't under Sony/UMG/Warner's thumb have to take the rock-bottom rate the Big Three insisted on – likewise the small labels who compete with the Big Three. The difference is that none of these artists and small labels have massive portfolios of Spotify stock, nor do they get free advertising on Spotify, or free inclusion on hot Spotify playlists, or monthly minimum payouts from Spotify.

The idea that we shop at the wrong kind of monopolist in the wrong way is a recipe for absolute despair. It doesn't matter whether you listen to music with the Big Tech-owned monopoly service (Youtube) or the Big Content-owned monopoly service (Spotify). The money you hand over to these giant companies goes to artists the same way that the sneakers you put in a Dow collection bin goes to a recycling plant.

Think of the billions of human labor hours we all spent washing and sorting our plastics for a recycling program that didn't exist and will never exist – imagine if we'd spent that time and energy demanding that our politicians hold petrochemical companies to account instead.

At the end of Break 'Em Up, Zephyr Teachout's outstanding 2020 book on monopolies, Teachout has some choice words for "consumerism" as a theory of change. She writes that if you're on your way to a protest against a new Amazon warehouse but you never make it because you waste too much time looking for a mom-and-pop stationer's to sell you a marker to write your protest sign, Amazon wins:

https://pluralistic.net/2020/07/29/break-em-up/#break-em-up

The problem isn't that you shop the wrong way. Yes, by all means, support the creators and producers you care about in the way that they prefer, but keep your eye on the prize. Structural problems don't have individual solutions. The problem isn't that you have chosen single-use plastics – it's that in our world everything for sale is packaged in single-use plastics. The problem isn't that you've bought a subscription to the wrong music streaming service – it's that labels have been allowed to buy all their competitors, creators' unions have been smashed and degraded, and giant accounting scams by big companies generate minuscule fines.

The good news is that after 40 years of despair inducing regulatory nihilism and "vote with your wallet" talk, we're finally paying attention to systemic problems, with a new generation of trustbusting radicals working around the world to end corporate impunity.

Dow is a repeat offender. A repeat, repeat offender. Chrissakes, they're the linear descendants of Union Carbide, the company that poisoned Bhopal:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhopal_disaster

They shouldn't be trusted to run a lemonade stand, let alone a "recycling" program. The same goes for Big Tech and Big Content companies and the markets for creative labor. These companies have repeatedly demonstrated their unfitness, their habitual deception and immorality. These companies have captured their regulators, repeatedly, so we need better regulators – and weaker companies.

The thing I love about Teachout's book is that it talks about what we should be demanding from our governments – it's a manifesto for a movement against corporate power, not a movement for "responsible consumerism." That was the template that Rebecca Giblin and I followed when we wrote Chokepoint Capitalism, our book about the brutal, corrupt creative labor market:

https://chokepointcapitalism.com/

We have a chapter on Spotify (multiple chapters, in fact!). For our audiobook, we made that chapter a "Spotify Exclusive" – it's the only part of the book you can get on Spotify, and it's free:

https://pluralistic.net/2022/09/12/streaming-doesnt-pay/#stunt-publishing

Hey look at this (permalink)

A Christian Health Nonprofit Saddled Thousands With Debt as It Built a Family Empire Including a Pot Farm, a Bank and an Airline https://www.propublica.org/article/liberty-healthshare-healthcare-sharing-ministries-obamacare

A Wayback Machine banner.

This day in history (permalink)

#20yrsago Jailhouse cellphone used to command Brazillian terror campaign https://web.archive.org/web/20030415155023/http://smartmobs.com/archives/000720.html

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#20yrsago Laboring mother liveblogs her daughter's birth http://www.ambiguous.org/quinn/birth/

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#20yrsago Suicide hotline operator finds work counselling data-loss victims https://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Psychologist-helps-victims-of-data-loss-Some-2632946.php

#20yrsago ThreeDegress: Microsoft's DRM for Kids is unbelievably terrible https://web.archive.org/web/20030307140713/http://cheerleader.yoz.com/archives/000419.html

#15yrsago Apple TV DRM makes iTunes rentals incompatible with many TVs https://tidbits.com/2008/02/20/drm-foils-itunes-movie-rentals-for-some-apple-tv-owners/

#15yrsago Life and times of a Consumer Reports secret shopper https://www.wired.com/2008/02/ps-consumerreports/

#15yrsago New typography term: Keming (improper kerning) https://www.ironicsans.com/2008/02/idea_a_new_typography_term.html

#15yrsago Complaining about companies is part of the market https://web.archive.org/web/20080212060801/http://informationweek.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=206401189

#10yrsago Rage is Back: graffiti crews save NYC from its lurking demons https://memex.craphound.com/2013/02/25/rage-is-back-graffiti-crews-save-nyc-from-its-lurking-demons/

#5yrsago Koch brothers publish letter crowing about all the ways Trump spent the year carrying water for them https://theintercept.com/2018/02/25/koch-brothers-trump-administration/

#5yrsago Stock market gains to the richest 2% of Americans in 2017 could pay for the entire nation’s social programs https://www.commondreams.org/views/2018/02/26/americas-richest-2-made-more-money-2017-cost-entire-safety-net

#5yrsago Man discovers he has been impersonated on Amazon by a money-launderer selling $555 “books” full of computer-generated word salad https://krebsonsecurity.com/2018/02/money-laundering-via-author-impersonation-on-amazon/

#5yrsago Lobbyists release push-poll in an effort to tank Right to Repair bills and control independent security research https://securityledger.com/2018/02/new-lobbying-group-fights-right-repair-laws/

#5yrsago Why the voting age should be lowered to 16 https://www.eclectablog.com/2018/02/theres-no-good-argument-against-16-year-olds-voting.html

#5yrsago A cybersecurity style guide https://bishopfox.com/blog/intro-cybersecurity-style-guide

Colophon (permalink)

Today's top sources: Slashdot (https://slashdot.org/).

Currently writing:

Picks and Shovels, a Martin Hench noir thriller about the heroic era of the PC. Friday's progress: 526 words (109555 words total)
The Bezzle, a Martin Hench noir thriller novel about the prison-tech industry. FIRST DRAFT COMPLETE, WAITING FOR EDITORIAL REVIEW
A Little Brother short story about DIY insulin PLANNING
Vigilant, Little Brother short story about remote invigilation. ON SUBMISSION
Moral Hazard, a short story for MIT Tech Review's 12 Tomorrows. FIRST DRAFT COMPLETE, ACCEPTED FOR PUBLICATION
Spill, a Little Brother short story about pipeline protests. ON SUBMISSION

Latest podcast: Tiktok's Enshittification https://craphound.com/news/2023/02/20/tiktoks-enshittification/

Upcoming appearances:

Antitrust, Regulation and the Political Economy (Brussels), Mar 2
https://www.brusselsconference.com/registration
Elevate Festival (Graz), Mar 3
https://elevate.at/diskurs/programm/event/e23doctorow/
UT School of Design and Creative Technologies (Austin), Mar 9
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/the-buckman-center-presents-cory-doctorow-tickets-526627556197
Ethics of Emerging Tech Lecture (U Manitoba), Mar 9
https://eventscalendar.umanitoba.ca/site/science/event/ethics-of-emerging-technology-lecture—rebecca-giblin-and-cory-doctorow/
SXSW Chokepoint Capitalism reading (Austin), Mar 10
https://schedule.sxsw.com/2023/events/PP1143284

Recent appearances:

ANU/Canberra Times Meet The Author
https://soundcloud.com/experience_anu/in-conversation-with-rebecca-giblin-and-cory-doctorow?si=67bcf6db3c4742bd973152e4b1b4e313
The Gould Standard
https://pod.link/thegouldstandard/episode/8648b67fb7a6ccbf49a7d5406f8582c7
ABC Radio National:
https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/drawingroom/chokepoint-capitalism/101973108

Latest books:

"Chokepoint Capitalism: How to Beat Big Tech, Tame Big Content, and Get Artists Paid, with Rebecca Giblin", on how to unrig the markets for creative labor, Beacon Press/Scribe 2022 https://chokepointcapitalism.com
"Attack Surface": The third Little Brother novel, a standalone technothriller for adults. The Washington Post called it "a political cyberthriller, vigorous, bold and savvy about the limits of revolution and resistance." Order signed, personalized copies from Dark Delicacies https://www.darkdel.com/store/p1840/Available_Now%3A_Attack_Surface.html
"How to Destroy Surveillance Capitalism": an anti-monopoly pamphlet analyzing the true harms of surveillance capitalism and proposing a solution. https://onezero.medium.com/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism-8135e6744d59 (print edition: https://bookshop.org/books/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism/9781736205907) (signed copies: https://www.darkdel.com/store/p2024/Available_Now%3A__How_to_Destroy_Surveillance_Capitalism.html)
"Little Brother/Homeland": A reissue omnibus edition with a new introduction by Edward Snowden: https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250774583; personalized/signed copies here: https://www.darkdel.com/store/p1750/July%3A__Little_Brother_%26_Homeland.html
"Poesy the Monster Slayer" a picture book about monsters, bedtime, gender, and kicking ass. Order here: https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781626723627. Get a personalized, signed copy here: https://www.darkdel.com/store/p2682/Corey_Doctorow%3A_Poesy_the_Monster_Slayer_HB.html#/.

Upcoming books:

Red Team Blues: "A grabby, compulsive thriller that will leave you knowing more about how the world works than you did before." Tor Books, April 2023
The Internet Con: A nonfiction book about interoperability and Big Tech, Verso, September 2023
The Lost Cause: a post-Green New Deal eco-topian novel about truth and reconciliation with white nationalist militias, Tor Books, November 2023

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